The " Marianne de Dulac " or " Marianne de Londres " was a series of stamps in common use , designed at the request of General de Gaulle by the British government in 1942.
In March 1994, the Stamp Day was devoted to the Marianne de Dulac. It was engraved by Claude Jumelet. In November 2005, Marianne de Dulac was reprinted for the 60th anniversary of her program. The Marianne de Dulac de 2005 is engraved by Jacky Larriviere.
The origin and history of Marianne. Marianne appears to have come from the name Marie-Anne, which was a common forename during 18th century France. For the aristocracy, Marie-Anne was not a worthy name and was considered as pejorative in their social circles because it represented the people.
The revolutionaries adopted the name Marianne to symbolise the change of regime; but above all it incarnated the symbol of “the mother country”, the mother who nourished and protected the children of the Republic.
Other sources say that the name originates from 1797, when Barras, a member of the Directorate, chose the first name of the wife of one of his friends, Reubelle, to represent the new regime. The name fulfilled the conditions of simplicity and lack of royalist connotation.
The image of Marianne and her Phrygian cap have their origins in antiquity. The Phrygian cap was worn by slaves emancipated from the Greek and Roman Empires. Thence, they were citizens, not slaves. The first representations of a woman in a Phrygian cap were made during the period of the French Revolution. Sailors and galley crew from the Mediterranean regions wore caps that were practically the same design. When they joined the Revolution, they brought the cap to Paris.
A Phrygian cap is a soft, red felt cap covering the ears, with a rounded top that is pulled forward. Phrygia was part of Anatolia in Turkey. One of its kings was Midas of whom it was alleged that everything he touched turned to gold.
Thank you Merja.
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